Introduction to Piezoelectric Actuators: Research Misconceptions and Rectifications - Part II

Kenji Uchino

doi:10.18282/ims.v2i1.253

Kenji Uchino The Penn State University

Ariticle ID: 253

1066 Views, 53 PDF Downloads, 0 Introduction to Piezoelectric Actuators: Research Misconceptions and Rectifications - Part II Downloads

DOI: https://doi.org/10.18282/ims.v2i1.253

Keywords: Piezoelectric actuator, Strain, Efficiency, Energy transmission coefficient, Mechanical impedance matching, Resonance/antiresonance, Piezoelectic energy harvesting

Abstract

Piezoelectric actuator developments require interdisciplinary knowledge on materials physics, electrical designing and mechanical engineering. Because of the limited knowledge of newly-involved researchers, they occasionally publish misleading information, some sort of misconceptions, reflected in the delay of innovative developments of the next generation. This paper is Part II of a series of my tutorial course, and reviews the popular 10 among the researchers’ misconceptions primarily related with the misunderstanding of ‘voltage and electric field’, ‘ionic displacement and strain’, ‘thin film fabrication’, ‘energy transmission coefficient’, ‘thin film device designing’, ‘piezoelectric vibration damping’, ‘mechanical impedance matching’, ‘piezoelectric energy harvesting”, ‘resonance & anti-resonance’, ‘best-selling devices’, and provides rectifications, aiming at their future progress.

Author Biography

Kenji Uchino, The Penn State University

Kenji Uchino, one of the pioneers in piezoelectric actuators, is Founding Director of International Center for Actuators and Transducers, Materials Research Institute and Professor of EE and MatSE, Distinguished Honors Faculty of Schreyer Honors College at The Penn State University. He was Associate Director (Global Technology Awareness) at The US Office of Naval Research – Global Tokyo Office from 2010 till 2014. He was also the Founder and Senior Vice President & CTO of Micromechatronics Inc., State College, PA from 2004 till 2010. After being awarded his Ph. D. degree from Tokyo Institute of Technology, Japan, he became Research Associate/Assistant Professor (1976) in Physical Electronics Department at this university. Then, he joined Sophia University, Japan as Associate Professor in Physics Department in 1985. He was then recruited from The Penn State University in 1991. He was also involved with Space Shuttle Utilizing Committee in NASDA, Japan during 1986-88, and Vice President of NF Electronic Instruments, USA, during 1992-94. He was the Founding Chair of Smart Actuators/Sensors Committee, Japan Technology Transfer Association sponsored by Ministry of Economics, Trading and Industries, Japan from 1987 to 2014, and is a long-term Chair of International Conference on New Actuators, Messe Bremen, Germany since 1997. He was also the associate editor for Journal of Advanced Performance Materials, J. Intelligent Materials Systems and Structures and Japanese Journal of Applied Physics. Uchino served as Administrative Committee Member (Elected) of IEEE Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics and Frequency Control (1998-2000) and as Secretary of American Ceramic Society, Electronics Division (2002-2003).
His research interest is in solid state physics, especially in ferroelectrics and piezoelectrics, including basic research on theory, materials, device designing and fabrication processes, as well as application development of solid state actuators/sensors for precision positioners, micro-robotics, ultrasonic motors, smart structures, piezoelectric transformers and energy harvesting. K. Uchino is known as the discoverer/inventor of the following famous topics: (1) lead magnesium niobate (PMN)-based electrostricive materials, (2) cofired multilayer piezoelectric actuators (MLA), (3) superior piezoelectricity in relaxor-lead titanate-based piezoelectric single crystals (PZN-PT), (4) photostrictive phenomenon, (5) shape memory ceramics, (6) magnetoelectric composite sensors, (7) transient response control scheme of piezoelectric actuators (Pulse-Drive technique), (8) micro ultrasonic motors, (9) multilayer disk piezoelectric transformers, and (10) piezoelectric loss characterization methodology. On-going research projects are also in the above areas, especially in the last three items (8), (9) and (10). He has authored 582 papers, 77 books and 33 patents in the ceramic actuator area. 49 papers/books among his publications have been cited more than 100 times, leading to his average h-index 71. Total citation number 27,140 and annual average citation number 560 are very high in College of Engineering.
He was also awarded his MBA degree from St. Francis University (2008), and authored a textbook, “Entrepreneurship for Engineers” for College of Business. He is a Fellow of American Ceramic Society since 1997, a Fellow of IEEE since 2012, and also is a recipient of 29 awards, including Distinguished Lecturer of the IEEE UFFC Society (2018), International Ceramic Award from Global Academy of Ceramics (2016), IEEE-UFFC Ferroelectrics Recognition Award (2013), Inventor Award from Center for Energy Harvesting Materials and Systems, Virginia Tech (2011), Premier Research Award from The Penn State Engineering Alumni Society (2011), the Japanese Society of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics Award on Outstanding Academic Book (2008), SPIE (Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers), Smart Product Implementation Award (2007), R&D 100 Award (2007), ASME (American Society of Mechanical Engineers) Adaptive Structures Prize (2005), Outstanding Research Award from Penn State Engineering Society (1996), Academic Scholarship from Nissan Motors Scientific Foundation (1990), Best Movie Memorial Award at Japan Scientific Movie Festival (1989), and the Best Paper Award from Japanese Society of Oil/Air Pressure Control (1987). He is also one of the founding members of Worldwide University Network, which encourages the linking between the UK and US multiple universities since 2001.

References

Uchino K. Ferroelectric Devices & Piezoelectric Actuators, Lancaster, PA: DEStech Pub. Inc., 2017.

Uchino K. Ferroelectric Devices 2nd Edition, Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, 2010.

Uchino K. Micromechatronics 2nd Edition, Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, 2019.

Uchino K. Introduction to piezoelectric actuators: research misconceptions and rectifications. Japan. J. Appl. Phys. 2019; 58, https://doi.org/10.7567/1347-4065/ab1645

Du XH, Belegundu U, Uchino K. “Crystal Orientation Dependence of Piezoelectric Properties in Lead Zirconate Titanate: Theoretical Expectation for Thin Films,” Japan. J. Appl. Phys. 1997; Vol. 36 (9A): 5580-5587.

Wasa K. Proc. 69th ICAT Int’l Smart Actuator Symp., State College, PA, Oct. 4–5, 2016.

Muralt P. “Pieulelectric Thin Films For Mems”, Integrated Ferroelectrics. 1997; Vol. 17: 297–307.

Fujii F. Proc. Smart Actuators/Sensors Study Committee, JTTAS, Dec. 2, Tokyo, 2005.

Sugiyama S, Uchino K. “Pulse Driving Method of Piezoelectric Actuators”, Proc. 6th IEEE Int’l Symp. Appl. of Ferroelectrics, 1986, 637.

Uchino K. “Piezoelectric Actuators and Ultrasonic Motors”, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Norwell, PM, 1997, ISBN 0-7923-9811-4

Uchino K, Ishii T. “Mechanical Damper Using Piezoelectric Ceramics”, J. Japan. Ceram. Soc. 1988; 96(8): 863-867.

Muensit N. “Energy Harvesting with Piezoelectric and Pyroelectric Materials”, Materials Science Foundations Vol. 72, Trans Tech Pub., Stafa-Zuerich, Switzerland, 2011.

Uchino K, Ishii T. “Energy Flow Analysis in Piezoelectric Energy Harvesting Systems”, Ferroelectrics. 2010; 400: 305-320.

Kim HW, Priya S, Uchino K, Newnham RE. “Piezoelectric Energy Harvesting under High Pre-stressed Cyclic Vibrations” J. Electroceramics. 2005; 15: 27-34.

Kim HW, Priya S, Uchino K. “Modeling of Piezoelectric Energy Harvesting Using Cymbal Transducers” Japan. J. Appl. Phys. 2006; 45(7): 5836-5840.

Shekhani H, Scholehwar T, Hennig E, Uchino K. “Characterization of piezoelectric ceramics using the burst/transient method with resonance and antiresonance analysis,” J. Am. Ceram. Soc.; 2017; 100: 998.

Ural SO, Tuncdemir S, Zhuang Y, Uchino K. “Development of a high power piezoelectric characterization system (HiPoCS) and its application for resonance/antiresonance mode characterization”, Japan. J. Appl. Phys. 2009; 48: 056509.

Zhuang Y, Ural SO, Tuncdemir S, Amin A, Uchino K. “Analysis on Loss Anisotropy of Piezoelectrics with ∞mm Crystal Symmetry”, Japan. J. Appl. Phys.; 2010: 49, 021503.

Uchino K, Zhuang Y, Ural SO. “Loss Determination Methodology for a Piezoelectric Ceramic: New Phenomenological Theory and Experimental Proposals”, J. Adv. Dielectrics; 2011; 1, No. 1: 17-31.

Dong S, Lim SP, Lee KH, et al. “Piezoelectric Ultrasonic Micromotors with 1.5 mm Diameter”, IEEE UFFC Trans 2003; 50(4): 361-367.

Koc B, Cagatay S, Uchino K. “A Piezoelectric Motor Using Two Orthogonal Bending Modes of a Hollow Cylinder,” IEEE Ultrasonic, Ferroelectric, Frequency Control Trans. 2002; 49(4): 495-500.

Cagatay S, Koc B, Uchino K. “A 1.6 mm Metal Tube Ultrasonic Motor”, IEEE Trans.- UFFC 2003; 50(7): 782-786.

Uchino K. “Entrepreneurship for Engineers”, CRC Press, NY, 2009.

https://www.newscaletech.com/about-us/

Koc B, Ryu J, Lee D, et al. 2006. Proc. New Actuator 2006 (Bremen, June 14-16), p. 58.