Vol. 3 No. 4 (2021)

Full Issue

  • Open Access

    Article

    Article ID: 496

    The Embodiment of Tragedy and Comedy in Chekhov's Dramatic Works

    by Jinghui Cao

    Insight - Information, Vol.3, No.4, 2021; 181 Views, 10 PDF Downloads

    Chekhov's works are mostly working to judge realism. In the public's impression, most of these works are drama, that is, works with serious themes, but Chekhov has his own unique style in the creation of drama works. Taking seagull, uncle Vanya and cherry orchard as examples, they all reflect the depression and pursuit of some petty bourgeois intellectuals on the eve of the Russian Revolution. When creating such a tragic work, he injected comic elements into the work with his humorous strokes.

  • Open Access

    Article

    Article ID: 469

    Discussion on Mosaic Art in Public Space

    by Duanni Li, Mingjian Zhu

    Insight - Information, Vol.3, No.4, 2021; 119 Views, 6 PDF Downloads

    Mosaic art acts on the public space. In modern European countries, Mexico, Russia, the United States, North Korea, etc., there are different cultures and materials, and it presents a diverse face from a global perspective. In the context of rapid and stable economic development in my country, public spaces have been repeatedly mentioned. Whether it is public venues, art parks or public rest areas, these places have become the daily activities of ordinary people in my country, the construction of public places and the people the continuous improvement of the quality of life has also significantly improved people's awareness of public space. The article analyzes the formation and origin of mosaic art and public space, and discusses the way of mosaic craftsmanship in space and the manifestation of different spaces, as well as its long-term hidden plasticity. It also discusses the effect of mosaic art in urban public spaces. Prospects for development trends.

  • Open Access

    Article

    Article ID: 468

    The Need Analysis of MA TESOL Program in the University of Manchester

    by Shuyi Zhou

    Insight - Information, Vol.3, No.4, 2021; 282 Views, 7 PDF Downloads

    The study is a pilot study conducted by Shuyi Zhou, a postgraduate student in The University of Manchester. It aims at modify the curriculum design of the welcome week of the TESOL program based on the Need Analysis of TESOL members. Quantitative methods such as questionnaires are used. The gap between Target Situation Analysis and Present Situation Analysis shows that the members’ oral skills, the needs of academic writing instruction, and the openness to new cultures need to be improved.

  • Open Access

    Article

    Article ID: 488

    The Governance of Online Public Opinion in the Era of Big Data

    by Chengjie Wei

    Insight - Information, Vol.3, No.4, 2021; 310 Views, 5 PDF Downloads

    In the era of big data, the governance of online public opinion has become an increasingly important part of social governance in China. This paper firstly clarifies the necessity of strengthening public opinion governance in the Internet society, and then  proposes ways to optimize online opinion governance in the era of big data as follows: first, increasing the capacity of public opinion detection and improve the information communication mechanism; second, cracking down on illegal activities on the Internet and strengthen the construction of the legal system; and third, ensuring that the government will maintain its leading role in building a mechanism with multi-actor coordination.

  • Open Access

    Article

    Article ID: 506

    Can STD Really Be the Cure for the Transformation of Tourism Industry?

    by Chunyu Jiang

    Insight - Information, Vol.3, No.4, 2021; 91 Views, 6 PDF Downloads

    Today's digitally transformed tourism industry has encountered the impact of an unprecedented epidemic, leading to stagnant development. Some scholars believe that the combination of sustainable development and tourism will largely contribute to the upgrading of tourism, and that sustainable tourism development will be a breakthrough in the future development of tourism. This paper discusses sustainable development as well as sustainable tourism development, and after considering the different challenges faced, it argues that sustainable tourism development needs to be carefully considered in terms of how it will be implemented, followed by exploring practical issues in the face of future performance, and stakeholder issues, and making corresponding recommendations.

  • Open Access

    Article

    Article ID: 510

    Data Visualization Analysis of Research Trend of Mould Protection Slag

    by Daiyue Zhang, Ziyi Li, Shiqi He

    Insight - Information, Vol.3, No.4, 2021; 337 Views, 5 PDF Downloads

    As a kind of functional mixing material, mold protection slag is a mixture of silicate as the base material plus a variety of flux and melting rate regulator. The protection slag plays an important role in continuous casting work. In this paper, we analyze the time slices of hot spots and keywords on the topic of crystallizer slag by using Endnote and Vosviewer and other software on the basis of sorting and screening the relevant data. The results show that the most important research content is the mold protection slag, based on the continuous renewal and development of the protection slag processing means, the protection slag research is increasingly extensive. It is indicated that the application of new technology means is the necessary condition for the future research of protective slag.

  • Open Access

    Article

    Article ID: 481

    Suggestions on Promotion of “Zhejiang Made” Relying on “The Belt and Road Initiative” Policy

    by Jianping Jiang, Fengqing Xiao, Xiaoming Liu, Yan Ge

    Insight - Information, Vol.3, No.4, 2021; 108 Views, 7 PDF Downloads

    The “Zhejiang Made” brand with logo “Defined Quality” is a regional public brand that comprehensively represents the benchmarking image of the enterprises and products in Zhejiang Province of China. This brand has achieved good application results in promoting internationalization and promoting enterprises to actively participate in the national “the Belt and Road initiative” strategy. This paper summarizes internationalization path of the “Zhejiang Made” brand. And the tendency of the brand’s development is prospected based on the summary.

  • Open Access

    Article

    Article ID: 497

    Discussion on Forest Culture in Northwest China —— A Case Study of Helan Mountain in Ningxia

    by Jiaqi Zheng

    Insight - Information, Vol.3, No.4, 2021; 176 Views, 13 PDF Downloads

    Since ancient times, forest culture has accompanied human beings to civilization all the way. Today, human demand for forest resources and research on forest culture is increasing. Many scholars have made researches on Chinese forest culture with both theoretical and practical significance. However, to maintain our shared ecological home, we can't stop paying attention to the forest cultures around the world at all times and look for the reasons for the destruction of the ecological environment by tracing the source of forest culture. As the only biodiversity center in north China, Helan Mountain in Ningxia is the representative of forest culture in northwest China. Taking this as an example,the in-depth study can provide reference opinions for environmental protection and restoration in northwest China.

  • Open Access

    Article

    Article ID: 476

    Construction of a Legal Framework for Financial Data Supervision under the Background of Financial Technology

    by Jiaqi Zhu

    Insight - Information, Vol.3, No.4, 2021; 141 Views, 5 PDF Downloads

    With the assistance of Internet technology, the degree of financial technology has been continuously improved. Online finance has become the core key of the financial industry. However, for the financial field, there is a greater risk in itself, and the existence of the Internet has further expanded the risk, especially the regulation of data, once there is a problem, it will bring unimaginable consequences to the financial field. Based on this, this article starts from multiple angles, combined with the current development of national financial data, analyzes the corresponding regulatory laws, and then builds a complete legal framework to ensure the stable operation of the financial sector, legalize financial data, and contribute to the national economy and finance, constructing a good foundation for sustainable development.

  • Open Access

    Article

    Article ID: 484

    Research on Problems and Countermeasures of Salary Management in Private Enterprises

    by Ke Shi

    Insight - Information, Vol.3, No.4, 2021; 470 Views, 9 PDF Downloads

    Private enterprises have made great progress in economic growth over the past few years and have become one of the driving forces of economic development. However, there has not been a significant improvement in compensation management, which has hindered private enterprises' development. Especially in the field of salary management, there are still many deficiencies and unscientific problems. The purpose of this paper is to find ways to solve the compensation problem of private enterprises and promote the development of these private enterprises.

  • Open Access

    Article

    Article ID: 487

    Research on Theoretical Achievements of Sinicization of Marxist Legal Thought

    by Zhang Meng

    Insight - Information, Vol.3, No.4, 2021; 539 Views, 9 PDF Downloads

    Xi Jinping's thought on the rule of law is an organic part of Xi Jinping's thought on socialism with Chinese Characteristics in the New Era. It is the latest significant theoretical achievement of the Sinicization of Marxist thought on the rule of law. Xi Jinping's thought on the rule of law is rich in content, profound in logic and complete in system. It scientifically expounds a series of major theoretical and practical issues on comprehensively promoting the rule of law under the conditions of the new era, providing a guide for action for comprehensively promoting the rule of law in the new era and promoting the modernization of the rule of law in China.

  • Open Access

    Article

    Article ID: 483

    Counteractions: A Dialogue with “Everyday Resistance”

    by Ming Lu

    Insight - Information, Vol.3, No.4, 2021; 140 Views, 5 PDF Downloads

    James C. Scott's concept of "everyday resistance" cannot accurately reflect the behavioral fact of the bottom society. This article compares it with the "counter-behavior" proposed by Gao Wangling:1. Question the appropriateness of the word "resistance" and holds that "resistance" cannot contain the action connotation of covert erosion and evasion.2.Find that "everyday resistance" ignores local knowledge and individual irrational elements after analyzing goals of "resistance." 3. The continuity of peasants’ behaviors is the core factor determining the success of "resistance," and "everyday resistance" does not pay attention to the continuity of behaviors. The article concludes with a concept--"everyday counteractions," to make up for the deficiency of the concept of "everyday resistance."

  • Open Access

    Article

    Article ID: 511

    Class Writing and Community Construction in the Time Planning Bureau

    by Na Li

    Insight - Information, Vol.3, No.4, 2021; 80 Views, 6 PDF Downloads

    The science fiction film "Time Planning Bureau" presents a profound class writing and community ideal. The journey of the hero Will Salas from silently enduring the oppression of the capitalist exploitation system to finally taking the road of violent resistance is a typical portrayal of breaking the class barriers and fighting for freedom and independence, exposing the ubiquitous exploitation of workers by capitalism. Faced with exploitation and oppression, the working class gradually awakens its class consciousness from factories to stores to banks, and finally the workers move from unorganized violent resistance to united action, which must fulfill the mission of constructing a working-class community.

  • Open Access

    Article

    Article ID: 478

    On Distributive Justice in Contemporary China

    by Qiongqiong Si

    Insight - Information, Vol.3, No.4, 2021; 398 Views, 5 PDF Downloads

    The key to realizing social justice in contemporary China is to solve the problem of distributive justice. Distributive justice is divided into individual justice and national justice. The principle of fair distribution in contemporary China includes the principle of distribution according to contribution, the principle of reasonable difference and the principle of compensation.

  • Open Access

    Article

    Article ID: 507

    Research on Individual Consent in Personal Insurance Law Under Enterprise Compliance

    by Shaofei Yang

    Insight - Information, Vol.3, No.4, 2021; 412 Views, 4 PDF Downloads

    when enterprises achieve compliance development, they need to obtain a large amount of personal information as the basis of their own operation. However, when enterprises obtain personal information, they do not obtain personal consent, or although they obtain personal consent, individuals have a certain understanding of the content and scope of their consent. Therefore, it is necessary to further explore the meaning and classification of personal consent, which is helpful to understand personal consent, so as to introduce the constituent elements of personal consent as the standard for identifying consent, provide enterprises with the standard for obtaining personal information and promote the circulation of personal information.

  • Open Access

    Article

    Article ID: 512

    Data Visualization Analysis of Zircon Research Trends

    by Daiyue Zhang, Suxiao Li, Shanshan Fu

    Insight - Information, Vol.3, No.4, 2021; 102 Views, 6 PDF Downloads

    Zircon has a particularly stable crystal structure and is a kind of accessory mineral widely found in magmatic, metamorphic and sedimentary rocks. Through the study of zircon genesis, important information about the geological evolution history of host rocks can be obtained. In this paper, we used Endnote and Vosviewer to analyze the relevant hot spots and time-slices of keywords related to zircon on the basis of reasonable data collation and screening based on the Chinese literature related to zircon in CNHI. The results show that u-Pb dating of zircon is the most important research area, followed by fission track dating, cathodoluminescence image analysis and mineral inclusion analysis. Based on the continuous progress and development of analytical methods such as ion probe, the research significance of zircon has been increasingly excavated. Through the analysis of time slice, it is proved that the application of new technology means is the inevitable condition for the future research and development of zircon.

  • Open Access

    Article

    Article ID: 479

    Reflections on the Contemporary Value of Red Songs under the Background of Multiculturalism

    by Xiaoqian Fan, Xuhong Sun

    Insight - Information, Vol.3, No.4, 2021; 272 Views, 12 PDF Downloads

    As one of the excellent Chinese culture, red songs are gradually formed in the historical evolution of the Chinese nation approaching the center of the world stage. Under the multicultural background, red songs must comply with the development requirements of the times, spread in diversified ways, enrich their theoretical and practical connotation in a new form, and let the people love and consciously spread them. Through the analysis of the contemporary value of red songs, we find the existing problems, and put forward targeted opinions on the development of red songs, so as to play a positive role in accelerating the construction of spiritual civilization.

  • Open Access

    Article

    Article ID: 503

    Research on Film and Television Production Management in the Internet Era

    by Xiyunfan Yang

    Insight - Information, Vol.3, No.4, 2021; 283 Views, 27 PDF Downloads

    Since the 21 st century, the film and television industry has achieved fast growth in China, whose environment and forms have been affected by the Internet in a rapid way. While realizing the industrialization and standardization of the film and television industry, the practice of film and television production management in China has also been in line with the international standards. Although there have already been more mature theoretical achievements abroad, a complete, scientific and systematic production management system has not been established in China due to the differences in national conditions, policies, development history and level. This article explores the management of film and television production in the context of the Internet, and puts forward suggestions from four aspects, striving to enrich and innovate the theories of film and television production management in China.

  • Open Access

    Article

    Article ID: 494

    Jane Eyre: Growing Up in Resistance

    by YuJie Dong

    Insight - Information, Vol.3, No.4, 2021; 481 Views, 11 PDF Downloads

    Jane Eyre is a famous work by British female writer Charlotte Bronte, and it is also an autobiographical work. The heroine Jane Eyre, has grown into an independent, self-respecting woman in constant resistances. Jane Eyre’s strong and unyielding spirit of resistance reflects her invincible inner personality charm. She has a unique thinking about women’s destiny, value, status, a rational understanding to their own thoughts and personality, and a firm pursuit of their own happiness and emotion. From all of these we can see Jane Eyre also represents the new image of today's women. This dissertation intends to start with Jane Eyre's three struggles, analyze the character image of Jane Eyre, and explore the feminist thoughts behind it.

  • Open Access

    Article

    Article ID: 498

    An Analysis on the Construction of Enterprise's Human Resources Incentive Mechanism

    by Yun Yi

    Insight - Information, Vol.3, No.4, 2021; 473 Views, 19 PDF Downloads

    In a modern enterprise competitive environment, incentive mechanisms can stimulate the tenacious fighting spirit of enterprise employees. Brace for the challenge itself is the primary manifestation of the competitive incentive mechanism, and this competitive incentive spirit directly promotes the competitive incentive work system. An effective competition incentive mechanism will naturally not arise from the psychological pressure of competition. The psychological pressure from competition has evolved into a competitive mechanism in society for a long time. Facing the pressure of this competition, employees naturally produce a competitive atmosphere of mutual competition and comparison and a mutual pursuit of improvement and transform the competitive pressure into competitive power, to finally improve the performance of the enterprise in the overall competitive work, to finally achieve the ideal competitive incentive effect.

  • Open Access

    Article

    Article ID: 485

    Research on Collaborative Innovation of Dongguan Under the Background of Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area

    by Yunya Deng

    Insight - Information, Vol.3, No.4, 2021; 461 Views, 6 PDF Downloads

    Since the construction of the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area was put into use in 2009, Dongguan City is committed to the transformation plan of manufacturing industry. With the trend of The Times, the collaborative innovation and development of manufacturing industry, allowing China's products to face the world. This is the requirement of China's current economic development and the inevitable trend of improving China's economy.

  • Open Access

    Article

    Article ID: 495

    The Positive Role of Tourist Souvenirs in Rural Revitalization

    by Ningning Feng

    Insight - Information, Vol.3, No.4, 2021; 377 Views, 5 PDF Downloads

    By analyzing the development status of tourist souvenirs, this paper finds that the homogenization of tourist commodities is serious. Based on its positive effect on rural revitalization, some feasible suggestions are put forward to increase farmers' income and revitalize rural economy.

  • Open Access

    Article

    Article ID: 475

    Carry Forward the Great Founding Spirit and Sustaining Our Revolutionary Legacy——The Source of the Unremitting Struggle of Young People in the New Era

    by Xia Guo

    Insight - Information, Vol.3, No.4, 2021; 160 Views, 7 PDF Downloads

    General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out profoundly at a Ceremony Marking the Centenary of the Communist Party of China, A hundred years ago, the pioneers of Communism in China established the Communist Party of China and developed the great founding spirit of the Party, which is comprised of the following principles: Upholding truth and ideals, staying true to our original aspiration and founding mission, fighting bravely without fear of sacrifice, and remaining loyal to the Party and faithful to the people. This spirit is the Party’s source of strength. This is the first time that the Party has clearly proposed the great founding spirit of the Party, which is rich in connotation and profound in its artistic conception. Carrying forward this great founding spirit, sustaining our revolutionary legacy, and drawing inexhaustible power is the spiritual source and source of strength for the youth in the new era to assume the important historical tasks entrusted by the Party and the people.

  • Open Access

    Article

    Article ID: 465

    Understanding Bullying at Work from the Chinese Drinking Culture Perspective

    by Xiaomin Li

    Insight - Information, Vol.3, No.4, 2021; 760 Views, 22 PDF Downloads

    This paper presents some cases about workplace bullying happened in china recently from the perspective of Chinese drinking culture. In China, drinking is an essential part of cultivating “Guanxi” (relationship). Rarely scholarly paper addresses the bullying at work in from the drinking culture perspective. The lack of understanding the Chinese drinking culture about bullying is a gap in both the scholarly research and the effective prevention of bullying at work. This paper tries to find out 1) why bullying occurs at the Chinese drinking table,2) The drink culture cultivates bullying at the drinking table in china,3) what is the relationship between bullying and drinking table culture. Consequently, bullying prevention training will benefit from greater administrators’ involvement with (and reinforcement of) bullying prevention strategies at work. Implications for policy and research are also discussed.

  • Open Access

    Article

    Article ID: 499

    A Brief Analysis on the Application of the Minimum Combat Unit Disposal Tactics in Actual Combat ——Taking the Shield and Steel Fork as an Example

    by Xingyueyang Ma

    Insight - Information, Vol.3, No.4, 2021; 111 Views, 7 PDF Downloads

    The nature of public security organs determines the risk and danger of public security work. Because of the limitation of single police operation, the management of police situation emphasizes more the use of combat unit. The minimum combat unit is a standardized, actual combat and effective grass-roots police combat entity, which can carry out different equipment configuration and tactical application according to different police situations. When dealing with the police situation of mentally ill patients and drunken people, the police minimum combat unit, which is dominated by shield and steel fork, can control the target quickly and effectively under the premise of ensuring the safety of itself and the masses, and limits the damage to the target. It is in the smallest range. Therefore, through the analysis of the concept and construction significance of the minimum combat unit, as well as the attributes and present situation of the shield and steel fork, this paper discusses the application of the minimum combat unit of the shield and the steel fork in the specific situation.

  • Open Access

    Article

    Article ID: 508

    Research on the Current Situation of Aerobics Public Physical Education Teaching in Tai'an Colleges and Universities

    by Zhaofeng Ma

    Insight - Information, Vol.3, No.4, 2021; 109 Views, 5 PDF Downloads

    aerobics is a popular sport among college students. At present, it has been popularized and developed in many colleges and universities in China. Taking Tai’an University as the research object, combined with the reality, this paper analyzes the current situation of Aerobics public physical education teaching in the school, recognizes that aerobics has some problems in teaching content design, teaching method optimization, teaching evaluation and so on, and finds out the measures to improve education and teaching, So as to promote the public physical education teaching of Aerobics in Tai'an colleges and universities to a new level.

  • Open Access

    Article

    Article ID: 513

    Communicate or Communicate Successfully

    by Xin Tao

    Insight - Information, Vol.3, No.4, 2021; 244 Views, 20 PDF Downloads

    Planning, decision-making, organization, leadership and control in management all need information transmission. Good management process is also reflected in the effective communication of information. How can we communicate effectively with employees of enterprises? Effective communication should be two-way and multi-faceted. Communication between the upper and lower levels and departments within an enterprise (Challita et al., 2019) is particularly important. Let every employee have a say in the management of the enterprise, be able to participate in the decision-making of the company, and even choose working hours independently, so that employees can feel the importance attached by the management of the enterprise to employees. And this kind of enterprise spirit and enterprise culture will affect the lifeblood of enterprises. Effective management communication can make employees clear their work tasks and objectives, motivate employees to better realize enterprise value and work hard for it. Leadership behaviors can be classified into three types: first, establishing the organization development direction and development strategy; The second is to promote communication and related integration among organizations; The third is to motivate employees to achieve their goals in learning. Some theoretical studies have pointed out that leadership itself has two key functions, one of which is to create this vision and implement it, and the other is to help employees to take on more difficult or high-level responsibilities. At the same time, some studies have pointed out that the first task of strategic leaders themselves is to create environment in their organizations. Generally speaking, efficient strategic leadership behavior can create and convey to employees a fresh and highly trusted prospect, so as to make the whole workplace full of vitality and employees have higher loyalty. Secondly, to determine the development direction of the organization and the goals to be achieved in the future, and to determine the development direction and goals of the organization, we need to look at the future from a long-term perspective based on reality, so as to form a new enterprise development mission and a common development vision. In addition, for strategic leaders, they not only need to care about everything in front of them, but also need to care about how to set the framework of future development of enterprises and set the direction at the same time. Generally speaking, strategy can connect such short-term things with long-term goals, and at the same time, it can be understood as a process of transforming organizational vision and related moral concepts into actions. When making strategic decisions, strategic leaders need to work with other leaders to formulate strategies, instead of just conveying their own decisions to others.

  • Open Access

    Article

    Article ID: 480

    Analysis on the Causes and Effects of the Merger Between the Canadian Progressive Conservative Party and the Canadian Alliance

    by Yawen Zhao

    Insight - Information, Vol.3, No.4, 2021; 130 Views, 5 PDF Downloads

    Canada was once a British colony and party politics are still under British influence. As far as Canadian parties are concerned, politicians think it's enough to study Britain. However, Canada also has its own unique development characteristics. Since the new century, the balance of political power in Canada has changed significantly due to the merger of the Conservative Party and the Canadian Alliance to form the new Conservative Party. This paper analyzes the reasons and influence of the merger between the Conservative Party of Canada and the Canadian Alliance, and explains the phenomenon of the merger of political parties in Canada.

  • Open Access

    Article

    Article ID: 482

    Origin and Development of Modern British Political Parties

    by Xiao Zhou

    Insight - Information, Vol.3, No.4, 2021; 354 Views, 11 PDF Downloads

    Britain is the origin of modern political parties and party systems. Since the beginning of the bourgeois revolution of Britain in 1640, there was a long struggle between royalty and anti-royalty and the realignment and regrouping of various political forces strengthened the power of the bourgeoisie in parliament. Those who represented the interests of the bourgeoisie and the bourgeois new aristocracy were called “the Whig Party”, while those who represented the interests of the old aristocracy were called “the Tories” (Conservative Party; Tory was an insulting word of Irishmen meaning “outlaw”). Although both parties were still limited to parliamentary activities and did not have national public organizations and systems, they were the earliest origins of the British political parties. In the 1760s, the Industrial Revolution broke out in Britain. During this period, capitalism developed rapidly with continuous changes within the bourgeoisie. Under such circumstances, the Tories became the political representative of the landowners and then changed to the Conservative Party in 1833. In 1839, representing the interests of the industrial bourgeoisie, the Whig Party changed their name to the Liberal Party, striving for votes, and gaining a majority in parliament. It broke through the narrow scopes of parliament to compete for the growth of its organization throughout the country, and established its own electoral associations and other institutions. By the middle of the 19 th century, both parties had established national party organizations and constructed their own organizational systems, resulting in the emergence of two major political parties directly related to modern Britain.

  • Open Access

    Article

    Article ID: 477

    Studies on the Development and Promotion of the Spirit of “Heavers” from the Perspective of Ideological and Political Education.

    by Jing Hu

    Insight - Information, Vol.3, No.4, 2021; 91 Views, 5 PDF Downloads

    The Mount Tai culture has cultivated the spirit of “heavers”, which demonstrated a sense of perseverance and being down-to-earth. In our ideological and political education, this spirit has set an outstanding example for the university students and provided a valuable guidance for the development of their political ideology and good behavior. Ideological and political education should take advantage of the spirit of “Mount Tai heaver” to build a sound ideological and political environment on campus and cultivate more high-quality talents who are equipped with this spirit to inherit and promote it. This article will set its background from the perspective of ideological and political education to discuss the method of developing this spirit for your reference.